As a rule, sellers of used equipment offer iPhones in two states: after a complete reset (the screen displays greetings in different languages) or turned on but not activated (all data is deleted, but the binding to iCloud is not performed).
In both cases, you must ensure the iPhone is not locked for activation before buying. That means that it is not tied to the previous owner's account and will work with your account. This is important because restoring access to a smartphone that you don't lock is impossible, and such a device is only suitable for parts. Here's how to quickly check your iPhone for iCloud tethering.
These verification methods will not compromise the seller in any way and will not deprive him of access to the smartphone if the deal goes wrong. If the owner does not agree with them, you should look for another ad.
The device displays the welcome screen in different languages — exactly like a new iPhone that has just come out of the box. While it may seem like your smartphone is ready to use, this reset doesn't guarantee anything.
If you're not tethered, you won't need to sign in to your Apple ID immediately after connecting to Wi-Fi and activating it. Instead, the smartphone will prompt you to accept the privacy rules and set up Face ID or Touch ID. You can (and are encouraged to) do this to check that the scanners work, but at this point, you've ensured there's no activation lock on your iPhone.
Some sellers offer an iPhone with the initial setup already done. This is more convenient than a completely reset device because it allows you can test all systems, compare the IMEI to the one on the box, and perform other tests.
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